Tuesday, August 23, 2016

"EUCLID" RECLAIMED FOR AFRICA

EUCLID: A RECLAIMED ‘AFRICAN’ GEOMETER By Rev. Dr. Larry Delano Coleman Saturday, October 04, 2014 Edited: Tuesday, August 23, 2016 Mathematics is one of mankind’s oldest disciplines. It began where mankind began, and reached maturity where mankind reached maturity. That place was in ‘Africa.’ The Lebombo Bone dates back 44,000 years, having been subjected to rigorous radiocarbon dating after it was found in the Lebombo Mountains, which border Mozambique, Swaziland, an South Africa. It is in “Euclid’s Elements,” however, that a series of irrefutable geometric examples, definitions, with complete proofs, were written in thirteen books. These conflate with divine cosmology. This epic, is an essentially spiritually, esoteric compilation, closer in time to us, 300 B.C., purportedly. Yet, it is regularly hailed as the basis of all mathematics. It was hailed by Leonardo Pisano in 1202 in his “Liber Abaci.” It was hailed as such by Isaac Newton in “Mathematica Principia” between the 17-18th centuries. Albert Einstein in “Ideas and Opinions,” and “Relativity,” did the same. However, very little is known of Euclid . Some say he was instructed by pupils of Plato in mathematics. Yet images of Plato exist, but none of Euclid exists. Plato himself ascribes and imputes mathematics to the Egyptians dating back 10,000 years before his own time in THE LAWS. Similarly in his “Timaeus” and “Critias” he does the same. It is certain that the principles of Euclid’s geometry were rigorously applied in Kemet (Egypt) and Ta-Seti (Ethiopia) in megalithic structures like Temples and Pyramids, thousands of years before Greece, Plato, Euclid, existed. So, what gives with Euclid? Why the mysterious misattribution to Greece of Euclid’s practical but divine mathematics-- which geometry plainly is—instead of to black “Africa:” Kemet, Ethiopia or to Libya, as it was also then known to Greeks? Why were there no contemporaneous, graphic images of Euclid, only fragments of his works, the oldest papyrus copy of which was retrieved from a garbage heap in Oxyrhnycus, 150 miles, southwest of Cairo. While at Elephantine, in far southern Egypt, on its border with Ethiopia, now Aswan, site of the dam, “ostraka” –inscribed pottery fragments-- were found detailing an icosahedron, of solid geometry, from Book 13 of Euclid’s Elements. Not found in Greece, nor elsewhere, was this sacred geometry; neither in ancient Miletus, home of Thales, in present day Turkey; nor in Samos, home of Pythagoras, the island home of the first Greek mathematician, who studied in Africa for 22 years under Egyptian priests. Why is this so secret? White supremacists’ scholarship, long after the extinction of ancient Greeks and Romans, whom they have also anomalously claim, despite being “barbarians” to them, could not then, neither can many of them, now, wrap their heads around the blatant fact of the black African origin of mathematics, geometry, civilization, language, indeed mankind, itself; or philosophy, despite the evidence right in their disbelieving faces! http://www.ams.org/samplings/feature-column/fc-2011-11 “Although many of the results in Elements originated with earlier mathematicians, one of Euclid's accomplishments was to present them in a single, logically coherent framework, making it easy to use and easy to reference, including a system of rigorous mathematical proofs that remains the basis of mathematics 23 centuries later.” This excerpt from Wkipedia makes plain his impact. In truth, however, “Euclid” may well be a pseudonym for a very ancient, priestly, mathematical guild, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclid In addition to the important “ostraka” –illustrated broken pottery--finds at Elephantine in far southern Egypt, there were papyri, at a site about 150 miles southwest of Cairo, known as “Oxyrhynchus,” as its Wkipedia abstract attests: “Also found were the oldest and most complete diagrams from Euclid's Elements.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxyrhynchus #30