Missouri is WITHIN the South, a slave state. It was outside of the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863; its southern border is the defined by "Mason Dixon Line". Its slaveholders and rebels fought a "Border-War" against Kansas' "Jayhawks", from 1854-1859, whose heroes were John Brown, James Montgomery. They fought after the the "Kansas-Nebraska Act" of 1854 had allowed voting by popular sovereignty to decide "slave" or "free" state admission status.